diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/shuffle/BlockStoreShuffleReader.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/shuffle/BlockStoreShuffleReader.scala
index 7918d1618eb0..437046d2c0a6 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/shuffle/BlockStoreShuffleReader.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/shuffle/BlockStoreShuffleReader.scala
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.spark._
 import org.apache.spark.internal.{config, Logging}
 import org.apache.spark.io.CompressionCodec
 import org.apache.spark.serializer.SerializerManager
-import org.apache.spark.storage.{BlockId, BlockManager, BlockManagerId, ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator}
+import org.apache.spark.storage.{BlockId, BlockManager, BlockManagerId, FallbackStorage, ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator}
 import org.apache.spark.util.CompletionIterator
 import org.apache.spark.util.collection.ExternalSorter
 
@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ private[spark] class BlockStoreShuffleReader[K, C](
       SparkEnv.get.conf.get(config.SHUFFLE_CHECKSUM_ENABLED),
       SparkEnv.get.conf.get(config.SHUFFLE_CHECKSUM_ALGORITHM),
       readMetrics,
-      fetchContinuousBlocksInBatch).toCompletionIterator
+      fetchContinuousBlocksInBatch,
+      FallbackStorage.getFallbackStorage(SparkEnv.get.conf)).toCompletionIterator
 
     val serializerInstance = dep.serializer.newInstance()
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/FallbackStorage.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/FallbackStorage.scala
index 19cdebd80ebf..ba10e63f5e24 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/FallbackStorage.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/FallbackStorage.scala
@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ private[storage] class FallbackStorage(conf: SparkConf) extends Logging {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Read a ManagedBuffer.
+   */
+  def read(blockId: BlockId): ManagedBuffer = FallbackStorage.read(conf, blockId)
+
   def exists(shuffleId: Int, filename: String): Boolean = {
     val hash = JavaUtils.nonNegativeHash(filename)
     fallbackFileSystem.exists(new Path(fallbackPath, s"$appId/$shuffleId/$hash/$filename"))
diff --git a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator.scala b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator.scala
index b2f185bc590f..8ca35aa1f3a4 100644
--- a/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator.scala
+++ b/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator.scala
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ final class ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator(
     checksumAlgorithm: String,
     shuffleMetrics: ShuffleReadMetricsReporter,
     doBatchFetch: Boolean,
+    fallbackStorage: Option[FallbackStorage],
   clock: Clock = new SystemClock())
   extends Iterator[(BlockId, InputStream)] with DownloadFileManager with Logging {
 
@@ -973,14 +974,28 @@ final class ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator(
           }
 
         case FailureFetchResult(blockId, mapIndex, address, e) =>
+          var error = e
           var errorMsg: String = null
           if (e.isInstanceOf[OutOfDirectMemoryError]) {
             val logMessage = log"Block ${MDC(BLOCK_ID, blockId)} fetch failed after " +
               log"${MDC(MAX_ATTEMPTS, maxAttemptsOnNettyOOM)} retries due to Netty OOM"
             logError(logMessage)
             errorMsg = logMessage.message
+          } else if (fallbackStorage.isDefined) {
+            try {
+              val buf = fallbackStorage.get.read(blockId)
+              results.put(SuccessFetchResult(blockId, mapIndex, address, buf.size(), buf,
+                isNetworkReqDone = false))
+              result = null
+              error = null
+            } catch {
+              case t: Throwable =>
+                logInfo(s"Failed to read block from fallback storage: $blockId", t)
+            }
+          }
+          if (error != null) {
+            throwFetchFailedException(blockId, mapIndex, address, error, Some(errorMsg))
           }
-          throwFetchFailedException(blockId, mapIndex, address, e, Some(errorMsg))
 
         case DeferFetchRequestResult(request) =>
           val address = request.address
diff --git a/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite.scala b/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite.scala
index 211de2e8729e..3aba0fb8158e 100644
--- a/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite.scala
+++ b/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/storage/ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite.scala
@@ -196,7 +196,8 @@ class ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
       checksumEnabled: Boolean = true,
       checksumAlgorithm: String = "ADLER32",
       shuffleMetrics: Option[ShuffleReadMetricsReporter] = None,
-      doBatchFetch: Boolean = false): ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator = {
+      doBatchFetch: Boolean = false,
+      fallbackStorage: Option[FallbackStorage] = None): ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator = {
     val tContext = taskContext.getOrElse(TaskContext.empty())
     new ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator(
       tContext,
@@ -222,7 +223,8 @@ class ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
       checksumEnabled,
       checksumAlgorithm,
       shuffleMetrics.getOrElse(tContext.taskMetrics().createTempShuffleReadMetrics()),
-      doBatchFetch)
+      doBatchFetch,
+      fallbackStorage)
   }
   // scalastyle:on argcount
 
@@ -1127,6 +1129,54 @@ class ShuffleBlockFetcherIteratorSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
     assert(e.getMessage.contains("fetch failed after 10 retries due to Netty OOM"))
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-52507: missing blocks attempts to read from fallback storage") {
+    val blockManager = createMockBlockManager()
+
+    configureMockTransfer(Map.empty)
+    val remoteBmId = BlockManagerId("test-remote-client-1", "test-remote-host", 2)
+    val blockId = ShuffleBlockId(0, 0, 0)
+    val blocksByAddress = Map[BlockManagerId, Seq[(BlockId, Long, Int)]](
+      (remoteBmId, Seq((blockId, 1L, 0)))
+    )
+
+    // iterator with no FallbackStorage cannot find the block
+    {
+      val iterator = createShuffleBlockIteratorWithDefaults(blocksByAddress = blocksByAddress)
+      val e = intercept[FetchFailedException] {
+        iterator.next()
+      }
+      assert(e.getCause != null)
+      assert(e.getCause.isInstanceOf[BlockNotFoundException])
+      assert(e.getCause.getMessage.contains("Block shuffle_0_0_0 not found"))
+    }
+
+    // iterator with FallbackStorage that does not store the block cannot find it either
+    val fallbackStorage = mock(classOf[FallbackStorage])
+
+    {
+      when(fallbackStorage.read(ShuffleBlockId(0, 0, 1))).thenReturn(new TestManagedBuffer(127))
+      val iterator = createShuffleBlockIteratorWithDefaults(blocksByAddress = blocksByAddress,
+        fallbackStorage = Some(fallbackStorage))
+      val e = intercept[FetchFailedException] {
+        iterator.next()
+      }
+      assert(e.getCause != null)
+      assert(e.getCause.isInstanceOf[BlockNotFoundException])
+      assert(e.getCause.getMessage.contains("Block shuffle_0_0_0 not found"))
+    }
+
+    // iterator with FallbackStorage that stores the block can find it
+    {
+      when(fallbackStorage.read(ShuffleBlockId(0, 0, 0))).thenReturn(new TestManagedBuffer(127))
+      val iterator = createShuffleBlockIteratorWithDefaults(blocksByAddress = blocksByAddress,
+        fallbackStorage = Some(fallbackStorage))
+      assert(iterator.hasNext)
+      val (id, _) = iterator.next()
+      assert(id === ShuffleBlockId(0, 0, 0))
+      assert(!iterator.hasNext)
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Prepares the transfer to trigger success for all the blocks present in blockChunks. It will
    * trigger failure of block which is not part of blockChunks.