backend-1.3.1.tgz: 4 vulnerabilities (highest severity is: 7.5)

[mend-for-github-com]

Vulnerable Library - backend-1.3.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/jws/package.json,/package.json

Found in HEAD commit: d7291cdc995ec80e4b184d3be7cbfe24f0ab800b

Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability	Severity	CVSS	Exploit Maturity	EPSS	Dependency	Type	Fixed in (backend version)	Remediation Possible**	Reachability
CVE-2025-65945	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.0%	jws-3.2.2.tgz	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-64756	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.0%	glob-10.4.1.tgz	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-12758	High	7.5	Not Defined	0.1%	validator-13.15.15.tgz	Transitive	N/A*	❌
CVE-2025-56200	Medium	6.1	Not Defined	0.1%	validator-13.15.15.tgz	Transitive	N/A*	❌

*For some transitive vulnerabilities, there is no version of direct dependency with a fix. Check the "Details" section below to see if there is a version of transitive dependency where vulnerability is fixed.

**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation

Details

CVE-2025-65945

Vulnerable Library - jws-3.2.2.tgz

Implementation of JSON Web Signatures

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jws/-/jws-3.2.2.tgz

Path to dependency file: /package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/jws/package.json,/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• backend-1.3.1.tgz (Root Library)
  • opentok-2.19.0.tgz
    • jsonwebtoken-9.0.2.tgz
      • ❌ jws-3.2.2.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: d7291cdc995ec80e4b184d3be7cbfe24f0ab800b

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

auth0/node-jws is a JSON Web Signature implementation for Node.js. In versions 3.2.2 and earlier and version 4.0.0, auth0/node-jws has an improper signature verification vulnerability when using the HS256 algorithm under specific conditions. Applications are affected when they use the jws.createVerify() function for HMAC algorithms and use user-provided data from the JSON Web Signature protected header or payload in HMAC secret lookup routines, which can allow attackers to bypass signature verification. This issue has been patched in versions 3.2.3 and 4.0.1.

Publish Date: 2025-12-04

URL: CVE-2025-65945

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-869p-cjfg-cm3x

Release Date: 2025-12-04

Fix Resolution: jws - 4.0.1,https://github.com/auth0/node-jws.git - v3.2.3,jws - 3.2.3,https://github.com/auth0/node-jws.git - v4.0.1

CVE-2025-64756

Vulnerable Library - glob-10.4.1.tgz

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/glob/-/glob-10.4.1.tgz

Path to dependency file: /package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/@vonage/vcr-sdk/node_modules/glob/package.json,/node_modules/sucrase/node_modules/glob/package.json,/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• backend-1.3.1.tgz (Root Library)
  • vcr-sdk-1.3.0.tgz
    • ❌ glob-10.4.1.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: d7291cdc995ec80e4b184d3be7cbfe24f0ab800b

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Glob matches files using patterns the shell uses. Starting in version 10.2.0 and prior to versions 10.5.0 and 11.1.0, the glob CLI contains a command injection vulnerability in its -c/--cmd option that allows arbitrary command execution when processing files with malicious names. When glob -c are used, matched filenames are passed to a shell with shell: true, enabling shell metacharacters in filenames to trigger command injection and achieve arbitrary code execution under the user or CI account privileges. This issue has been patched in versions 10.5.0 and 11.1.0.
Mend Note: The description of this vulnerability differs from MITRE.

Publish Date: 2025-11-17

URL: CVE-2025-64756

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: High
  • Privileges Required: Low
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: High
  • Integrity Impact: High
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-5j98-mcp5-4vw2

Release Date: 2025-11-17

Fix Resolution: https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob.git - v10.5.0,glob - 11.1.0,https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob.git - v11.1.0,glob - 10.5.0

CVE-2025-12758

Vulnerable Library - validator-13.15.15.tgz

String validation and sanitization

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/validator/-/validator-13.15.15.tgz

Path to dependency file: /package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/validator/package.json,/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• backend-1.3.1.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ validator-13.15.15.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: d7291cdc995ec80e4b184d3be7cbfe24f0ab800b

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Versions of the package validator before 13.15.22 are vulnerable to Incomplete Filtering of One or More Instances of Special Elements in the isLength() function that does not take into account Unicode variation selectors (\uFE0F, \uFE0E) appearing in a sequence which lead to improper string length calculation. This can lead to an application using isLength for input validation accepting strings significantly longer than intended, resulting in issues like data truncation in databases, buffer overflows in other system components, or denial-of-service.

Publish Date: 2025-11-27

URL: CVE-2025-12758

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None
  • Scope: Unchanged
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Release Date: 2025-11-27

Fix Resolution: validator - 13.15.22,https://github.com/validatorjs/validator.js.git - 13.15.22,validator - 13.15.22

CVE-2025-56200

Vulnerable Library - validator-13.15.15.tgz

String validation and sanitization

Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/validator/-/validator-13.15.15.tgz

Path to dependency file: /package.json

Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/validator/package.json,/package.json

Dependency Hierarchy:

• backend-1.3.1.tgz (Root Library)
  • ❌ validator-13.15.15.tgz (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: d7291cdc995ec80e4b184d3be7cbfe24f0ab800b

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A URL validation bypass vulnerability exists in validator.js through version 13.15.15. The isURL() function uses '://' as a delimiter to parse protocols, while browsers use ':' as the delimiter. This parsing difference allows attackers to bypass protocol and domain validation by crafting URLs leading to XSS and Open Redirect attacks.

Publish Date: 2025-09-30

URL: CVE-2025-56200

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (6.1)

Base Score Metrics:

• Exploitability Metrics:
  • Attack Vector: Network
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: Required
  • Scope: Changed
• Impact Metrics:
  • Confidentiality Impact: Low
  • Integrity Impact: Low
  • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-9965-vmph-33xx

Release Date: 2025-09-30

Fix Resolution: validator - 13.15.20