feat(gnoweb): math extension

[alexiscolin]

feat: Add MathML extension for gnoweb markdown

This PR adds a comprehensive MathML extension (ext_math) to gnoweb's markdown rendering system, enabling full server-side LaTeX support with MathML output (native browser ext: no need for a front-end plugin or image generation).

Features

Mathematical Expression Support

• Inline math: $E = mc^2$ → Rendered as MathML
• Display math: $$ \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-x^2} dx = \sqrt{\pi} $$ → Rendered as MathML
• LaTeX delimiters: \(...\) and \[...\] support

Comprehensive LaTeX Support

• Greek letters: \alpha, \beta, \gamma, \Delta, \Omega, etc.
• Mathematical operators: \times, \div, \pm, \leq, \geq, \neq, \approx
• Functions: \sin, \cos, \tan, \log, \ln, \exp, \max, \min
• Integrals and sums: \int, \sum, \prod, \lim
• Set theory: \in, \notin, \subset, \supset, \cup, \cap, \emptyset
• Logical operators: \land, \lor, \lnot, \forall, \exists
• Arrows: \rightarrow, \leftarrow, \Rightarrow, \Leftarrow
• Matrices: \begin{matrix}...\end{matrix}, \begin{pmatrix}...\end{pmatrix}
• Fractions: \frac{numerator}{denominator}
• Superscripts/Subscripts: x^2, x_1, x^{2+3}, x_{i+1}
• Roots: \sqrt{x}, \sqrt[n]{x}

Implementation Details

Parser Integration

• Extends gnoweb's markdown parser with custom AST nodes (MathInline, MathBlock)
• Supports multiple delimiter patterns: $...$, $$...$$, \(...\), \[...\]
• Integrates seamlessly with existing markdown processing pipeline

MathML Generation

• Converts LaTeX expressions to valid MathML markup
• Handles complex mathematical structures (matrices, fractions, integrals)
• Supports both inline and display math contexts
• Generates semantic MathML for accessibility

Screenshot

---

PS: This library is based on TreeBlood (originally by Wyatt915) and has been updated and fixed for our gnoweb needs.

[Gno2D2]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 73.71158% with 556 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/parse.go	63.26%	127 Missing and 24 partials ⚠️
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/tokenize.go	76.78%	88 Missing and 16 partials ⚠️
...o.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/commands_defs.go	68.75%	55 Missing and 20 partials ⚠️
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/commands.go	73.50%	53 Missing and 18 partials ⚠️
....land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/environnements.go	76.01%	39 Missing and 14 partials ⚠️
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/mathml.go	66.22%	42 Missing and 9 partials ⚠️
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/ext_math.go	75.67%	34 Missing and 11 partials ⚠️
gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/mmlnode.go	96.26%	2 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
...nd/pkg/gnoweb/markdown/mathml/variant_transform.go	96.66%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

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