Update major dependencies from file

[thampiotr]

PR Description

This PR performs a major dependency update, bringing several core components to their latest versions, including Prometheus, Beyla, and OpenTelemetry Collector.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes

Notes to the Reviewer

This PR updates the following major dependencies:

• Prometheus: v0.305.1 (v3.7.1) → v0.307.3 (v3.7.3) (still using Grafana fork for staleness disabling)
• Beyla: v2.7.4 → v2.7.6
• OpenTelemetry Collector Core: v1.44.0 → v1.45.0 (stable), v0.134-0.138 → v0.139.0 (unstable)
• OpenTelemetry Collector Contrib: v0.130-0.138 → v0.139.0 (all modules)

Key changes include:

• Fixes for configopaque.MapList API changes in 4 files.
• Removal of obsolete pdata replace directives, as OTel now supports Go 1.25 and k8s client 0.34.x.

Blocked by External Dependencies:
The full upgrade to OTel v0.139 (and even v0.138) is currently blocked by incompatible Grafana eBPF dependencies (go.opentelemetry.io/obi and go.opentelemetry.io/ebpf-profiler). These dependencies have not yet been updated to support the OTel API breaking changes (e.g., configopaque.Headers and pprofile.AttributeTableSlice).

A detailed tracking document, deps-update-2025-11-14.md, has been created with version comparisons, fork analysis, and a step-by-step update log.

Next steps to fully resolve the OTel upgrade are outlined in the tracking document.

PR Checklist

• CHANGELOG.md updated
• Documentation added
• Tests updated
• Config converters updated

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