[codex] Ratchet lsp/query.py mypy call checks

[jsiek]

Summary

• add a typed boundary helper for calls from lsp/query.py into not-yet-strict Deduce core helpers
• annotate local query helpers enough to pass warn_return_any and disallow_untyped_calls
• enforce those two mypy flags for lsp.query in pyproject.toml

Validation

• python3 -m mypy --warn-return-any lsp/query.py --follow-imports=silent
• python3 -m mypy --disallow-untyped-calls lsp/query.py --follow-imports=silent
• python3 -m mypy lsp/query.py --follow-imports=silent
• python3 -m mypy .
• python3 -m ruff check .
• git diff --check
• make tests

Part of #506.