test_runner: make it compatible with fake timers

[mcollina]

If setTimeout is monkey-patched, it might be missing the symbol. Moreover, we plan to remove it in the future anyway in #58689.

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/test_runner

[rluvaton]

Can you please add a test?

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.65%. Comparing base (e78bf55) to head (2779c84).
⚠️ Report is 26 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #59272   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   89.64%   89.65%           
=======================================
  Files         676      676           
  Lines      206249   206326   +77     
  Branches    39518    39529   +11     
=======================================
+ Hits       184892   184974   +82     
+ Misses      13479    13474    -5     
  Partials     7878     7878           

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/test_runner/test.js	96.80% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 32 files with indirect coverage changes

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[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/70655/