Address deprecated build dependencies

[frenchy64]

Some of our build deps are deprecated causing builds to fail.

For example, here's an error message from a build from August 18th 2025:

Error: This request has been automatically failed because it uses a deprecated version of `actions/cache: v2`. Please update your workflow to use v3/v4 of actions/cache to avoid interruptions. Learn more: https://github.blog/changelog/2024-12-05-notice-of-upcoming-releases-and-breaking-changes-for-github-actions/#actions-cache-v1-v2-and-actions-toolkit-cache-package-closing-down

I also updated the JVM versions we test against and bumped other outdated Actions.

[w01fe]

Thanks!