updated linkerscript again..

LM4F.ld

@@ -1,111 +1,65 @@
 /*
-* Copyright (c) 2012, Mauro Scomparin
-* All rights reserved.
-*
-* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-*     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-*       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-*     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-*       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-*       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-*     * Neither the name of Mauro Scomparin nor the
-*       names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
-*       derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
-*
-* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Mauro Scomparin ``AS IS'' AND ANY
-* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
-* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
-* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Mauro Scomparin BE LIABLE FOR ANY
-* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
-* (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
-* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
-* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
-* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*
-* File:     LM4F.ld.
-* Author:   Mauro Scomparin <http://scompoprojects.worpress.com>.
-* Version:    1.0.0.
-* Description:  Linker description file for LM4FXXX microcontrollers.
+Thumb2 Newlib Toolchain example project
+Written by Elias Önal <[email protected]>, released as public domain.
+
+This is a minimal linkerscript that should be easy to port to new microcontrollers.
+At this point it supports only C and will lead to weird behavior when used for C++.
 */
 
+ENTRY(rst_handler)
 
-/*
-* Memory definition:
-* FLASH:  start point 0x00,   lenght 0x40000.
-* SRAM:   start point 0x20000000  length 0x8000.
-* STACK:  start point 0x20007FFF  lenght 0x0.
-*/
 MEMORY
-{
-    FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 0x00040000
-    RAM (rwx) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 0x00008000
-    STACK (rwx) : ORIGIN = 0x20007FFF , LENGTH = 0x00000000
-}
-
-/*
-* Sections definitions:
-*
-* .text     - machine instructions.
-* .data     - initialized data defined in the program.
-* .bss      - un-initialized global and static variables (to be initialized to 0 before starting main).
-* .stack    - just contains the pointer to the stack end at the right place.
-*/
-SECTIONS
 { 
-  /* This section it's the code, containing the NVIC Vector table that must start at 0x0
-  *   Look at the LM4F120H5QR datasheet for details. (Table 2-8. Exception Types)
-  */
-    .text : 
-    {
-      /*_start_text = .;  /* This is an index to the beginning of .text segment. */
-      KEEP(*(.nvic_table)) /* I should keep the NVIC ISR Table because it's needed by the processor to start. */
-        *(.text.*)      /* This contains the code after the ISR table. */
-        *(.rodata*)      /* Read only data.  */
-        /*_end_text = .; */    /* This is an index to the end of .text segment. */
-    }>FLASH
-
-    _end_text = ALIGN(8); 
-
-    /* 
-    * .data segment must be placed in RAM but it's originally stored in FLASH
-    * So I set the data segment in ram, but I specify the load address with the AT
-    * keyword to set that right after the .text section.
-    * (Look at the LD documentation. (Optional Section Attributes)) 
-    * Thanks https://github.com/utzig for the hints!
-    */
-    .data : 
-    {
-      _start_data = .;  /* An index to the beginning of .data segment. */
-        *(vtable)     /* vtable should be the volatile data I guess*/
-        *(.data.*)      /* I should put there all my initialized data of my program. */
-        _end_data = .;    /* And another index to the end of .data segment. */
-    }>RAM AT >FLASH
-
+  FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x0000000, LENGTH = 0x00040000
+  RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 0x00008000
+}
 
-  /* 
-  * .bss contains the unitialized variables and must be set as 0x0 during runtime.
-  * It should be loaded in RAM and particula care should be taken initializing them in the startup file. 
-  */
-    .bss : 
-    {
-      _start_bss = .;   /* This is an index to the beginning of .bss segment. */
-        *(.bss.*)         /* The un-initialized data should go there.  */
-        *(COMMON)     /* All the other stuff should be put there */
-        _end_bss = .;   /* End index for .bss segment */
-    }>RAM
+_estack = 0x20008000; /* Upper stack boundary */
+_sstack = (_estack - 512); /* Lower stack boundary */
 
-    PROVIDE( _HEAP_START = _end_bss);
-    PROVIDE( _HEAP_END = ALIGN(ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM) -8,8) );
+SECTIONS {
+  .isr_vector :
+  {
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+          KEEP(*(.isr_vector))
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+  } >FLASH
 
-  /*
-  * .stack contains nothing, but I use it to set the first vector item (SP R13).
-  */
-  .stack : 
+  .text :
   {
-    _stack_top = .; /* An index to the end of the stack */
-  }>STACK
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+    *(.text)
+    *(.text.*)
+    *(.rodata)
+    *(.rodata.*)
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+      _etext = .;
+      _sidata = _etext;
+  } > FLASH
 
+  .data : AT ( _sidata )
+  {
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+          _sdata = . ;
+          _data = . ;
+    *(.data)
+    *(.data.*)
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+    _edata = . ;
+  } >RAM
 
+  .bss :
+  {
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+    _sbss = .;
+    _bss = .;
+    *(.bss)
+    *(.bss.*)
+    . = ALIGN(4);
+      _ebss = . ;
+  } >RAM
 }
+
+. = ALIGN(4);
+end = .;
+_end = .;

LM4F_startup.c

@@ -54,26 +54,26 @@ void hardfault_handler(unsigned int * hardfault_args) ;
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // defined by the linker it's the stack top variable (End of ram)
-extern unsigned long _stack_top;
+extern unsigned long _estack;
 // defined by the liker, this are just start and end marker for each section.
 // .text (code)
-extern unsigned long _start_text;
-extern unsigned long _end_text;
+extern unsigned long _stext;
+extern unsigned long _etext;
 // .data (data to be copied on ram)
-extern unsigned long _start_data;
-extern unsigned long _end_data;
+extern unsigned long _sdata;
+extern unsigned long _edata;
 // .bss (uninitialized data to set to 0);
-extern unsigned long _start_bss;
-extern unsigned long _end_bss;
+extern unsigned long _sbss;
+extern unsigned long _ebss;
 
 // NVIC ISR table
 // the funny looking void(* myvectors[])(void) basically it's a way to make cc accept an array of function pointers.
-__attribute__ ((section(".nvic_table")))
+__attribute__ ((section(".isr_vector")))
 void(* myvectors[])(void) = {
   // This are the fixed priority interrupts and the stack pointer loaded at startup at R13 (SP).
   //                        VECTOR N (Check Datasheet)
   // here the compiler it's boring.. have to figure that out
-    (void (*)) &_stack_top, 
+    (void (*)) &_estack, 
                 // stack pointer should be 
               // placed here at startup.      0
     rst_handler,      // code entry point         1
@@ -255,18 +255,19 @@ void rst_handler(void){
   unsigned long *dest;
 
   //this should be good!
-  src = &_end_text;
-  dest = &_start_data;
+  src = &_etext;
+
+  dest = &_sdata;
 
   //this too
-    while(dest < &_end_data)
+    while(dest < &_edata)
     {
         *dest++ = *src++;
     }
 
     // now set the .bss segment to 0!
-    dest = &_start_bss;
-  while(dest < &_end_bss){
+    dest = &_sbss;
+  while(dest < &_ebss){
     *dest++ = 0;
   }
 
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ void rst_handler(void){
 
 // NMI Exception handler code NVIC 2
 void nmi_handler(void){
-  UARTprintf("NMI Exception\n");
+  printf("NMI Exception\n");
   // Just loop forever, so if you want to debug the processor it's running.
     while(1){
     }
@@ -323,27 +324,27 @@ void hardfault_handler( unsigned int * hardfault_args ){
   stacked_pc = ((unsigned long) hardfault_args[6]);
   stacked_psr = ((unsigned long) hardfault_args[7]);
 
-  UARTprintf ("\n\n[Hard fault handler - all numbers in hex]\n");
-  UARTprintf ("R0 = %x\n", stacked_r0);
-  UARTprintf ("R1 = %x\n", stacked_r1);
-  UARTprintf ("R2 = %x\n", stacked_r2);
-  UARTprintf ("R3 = %x\n", stacked_r3);
-  UARTprintf ("R12 = %x\n", stacked_r12);
-  UARTprintf ("LR [R14] = %x  subroutine call return address\n", stacked_lr);
-  UARTprintf ("PC [R15] = %x  program counter\n", stacked_pc);
-  UARTprintf ("PSR = %x\n", stacked_psr);
-  UARTprintf ("BFAR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED38))));
-  UARTprintf ("CFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED28))));
-  UARTprintf ("HFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED2C))));
-  UARTprintf ("DFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED30))));
-  UARTprintf ("AFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED3C))));
+  printf ("\n\n[Hard fault handler - all numbers in hex]\n");
+  printf ("R0 = %x\n", stacked_r0);
+  printf ("R1 = %x\n", stacked_r1);
+  printf ("R2 = %x\n", stacked_r2);
+  printf ("R3 = %x\n", stacked_r3);
+  printf ("R12 = %x\n", stacked_r12);
+  printf ("LR [R14] = %x  subroutine call return address\n", stacked_lr);
+  printf ("PC [R15] = %x  program counter\n", stacked_pc);
+  printf ("PSR = %x\n", stacked_psr);
+  printf ("BFAR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED38))));
+  printf ("CFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED28))));
+  printf ("HFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED2C))));
+  printf ("DFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED30))));
+  printf ("AFSR = %x\n", (*((volatile unsigned long *)(0xE000ED3C))));
   while (1) { }; 
 }
 
 // Empty handler used as default.
 void empty_def_handler(void){
   // Just loop forever, so if you want to debug the processor it's running.
-    UARTprintf("UNKNOWN Exception\n");
+    printf("UNKNOWN Exception\n");
     while(1){
     }
 }

Makefile

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ CPU=-mcpu=cortex-m4
 FPU=-mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=softfp
 
 # Stellarisware path
-STELLARISWARE_PATH=~/stellaris/stellaris/
+STELLARISWARE_PATH=~/stellaris/stellarisware/
 
 # Program name definition for ARM GNU C compiler.
 CC      = ${PREFIX_ARM}-gcc
@@ -72,13 +72,16 @@ ODFLAGS = -S
 # I can get them from the gcc frontend, using some options.
 # See gcc documentation
 LIB_GCC_PATH=${shell ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -print-libgcc-file-name}
-LIBC_PATH=${shell ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -print-file-name=libc.a}
-LIBM_PATH=${shell ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -print-file-name=libm.a}
+#LIBC_PATH=${shell ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -print-file-name=libc.a}
+#LIBM_PATH=${shell ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -print-file-name=libm.a}
+LIBC_PATH=/home/cypher/stellaris/newlib/arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a
+LIBM_PATH=/home/cypher/stellaris/newlib/arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libm.a
+
 
 # Uploader tool path.
 # Set a relative or absolute path to the upload tool program.
 # I used this project: https://github.com/utzig/lm4tools
-FLASHER=~/stellaris/lm4tools/lm4flash/lm4flash
+FLASHER=lm4flash
 # Flags for the uploader program.
 FLASHER_FLAGS=
 

main.c

@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@
 #include "driverlib/sysctl.h"
 #include "driverlib/interrupt.h"
 #include "driverlib/timer.h"
+#include "driverlib/uart.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 
 // Basically here I'm checking that everything works fine.
 volatile unsigned long count;
@@ -49,7 +53,27 @@ void Timer1A_ISR(void);
 // main function.
 int main(void) {
 	SysCtlClockSet(SYSCTL_SYSDIV_2_5|SYSCTL_USE_PLL|SYSCTL_OSC_MAIN|SYSCTL_XTAL_16MHZ);
-	SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_TIMER1);
+
+  SysCtlPeripheralEnable( SYSCTL_PERIPH_UART0);
+  UARTConfigSetExpClk(UART0_BASE, SysCtlClockGet(), 115200,
+                     (UART_CONFIG_PAR_NONE | UART_CONFIG_STOP_ONE | UART_CONFIG_WLEN_8));
+  UARTEnable(UART0_BASE);
+
+
+  SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOA);
+  GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PA0_U0RX);
+  GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PA1_U0TX);
+  GPIOPinTypeUART(GPIO_PORTA_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1);
+
+  unsigned char* test = malloc(1024); // ask for a kb 
+  int i;
+  for (i=0; i<10; i++)
+    test[i] = i+0x30; 
+  test[i]=0;
+  printf("test string: %s\r\n", test);
+  free(test); // didnt want it...   
+
+  SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_TIMER1);
 	TimerConfigure(TIMER1_BASE, TIMER_CFG_SPLIT_PAIR | TIMER_CFG_A_PERIODIC);
 	TimerControlStall(TIMER1_BASE, TIMER_A, true);
 	TimerLoadSet(TIMER1_BASE, TIMER_A, 2111);
@@ -66,5 +90,6 @@ int main(void) {
 // The interrupt function definition.
 void Timer1A_ISR(void){
 	TimerIntClear(TIMER1_BASE, TIMER_TIMA_TIMEOUT);
+  printf("Timer interrupt %d\r\n",count);
 	count++;
 }